Zinfandel/Primitivo: A Tale of Two Continents

Zinfandel and Primitivo, though known by different names, share a common genetic heritage tracing back to the Croatian grape Crljenak Kaštelanski. DNA analysis has confirmed their equivalence, revealing a fascinating journey from the Dalmatian coast to the vineyards of Italy and California .

Origins: From Croatia to California and Puglia

The grape's journey began in Croatia, where it was known as Crljenak Kaštelanski. In the 18th century, it made its way to Italy's Apulia region, becoming Primitivo. Later, in the mid-19th century, it arrived in the United States, where it was embraced as Zinfandel. Each region has since developed its unique expression of the grape, influenced by local terroir and winemaking traditions.

Global Plantings: A Snapshot

Zinfandel and Primitivo are cultivated in various regions worldwide. In California, Zinfandel is the third-leading winegrape variety, grown in the majority of the state's 58 counties . In Italy, Primitivo is predominantly grown in Apulia, particularly in areas like Primitivo di Manduria and Gioia del Colle . Croatia has also seen a resurgence in cultivating Crljenak Kaštelanski, honouring its historical roots.

Terroir and Climate: Embracing the Heat

Both Zinfandel and Primitivo thrive in warm climates. Zinfandel performs best in temperatures between 25°C and 32°C, with significant diurnal temperature variations aiding in balancing sugar and acidity levels . Similarly, Primitivo flourishes in Apulia's hot, dry conditions, benefiting from limestone-rich soils and coastal breezes.

Flavour Profiles: A Symphony of Dark Fruits and Spice

Zinfandel wines are known for their bold red fruit Flavours, including plums and blackberries, often accompanied by spicy notes like peppercorn and star anise . Primitivo wines exhibit ripe primary fruit Flavours such as blackberry, raspberry, and cherry, with secondary notes of spice, black pepper, and sometimes a hint of tobacco or earthiness.

Culinary Companions: Pairing Perfection

The robust Flavours and high alcohol content of Zinfandel and Primitivo make them excellent companions for hearty dishes. Zinfandel pairs well with grilled meats, creamy cheeses, and spicy cuisines . Primitivo complements braised meats, tomato-based dishes, and aged cheeses, enhancing the dining experience with its bold character.